History
Yamuna Nagar was earlier known as `Abdulhapur`. Before Independence it was a small village with population concentrated around Jagadhri railway station (Jagadhri is the oldest town of Yamuna Nagar). After partition of India many refugees from Punjab of Pakistan choose to make Yamuna Nagar as their new shelter, which latter became their home and process adding to the culture of the town. The area where refugee`s lands were allocated later developed as the model town area of Yamuna Nagar.
Geography
Yamuna Nagar is located at 30.1 degree North and 22.78 degree East. It has an average elevation of 255 meters (836 feet). Its area is 1756 square kilometers, in which there are 655 villages, 10 towns, 2 tehsils and 4 sub-tehsils. It has the Yamuna river running through this district and forming the eastern boundary with the neighbouring Saharan district. This boundary is also a state boundary as Saharanpur, which is in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
Towards its northern edge is a sub mountainous region, which has more forest cover and lots of streams; it is the area where the river Yamuna comes out of the hills and in to the plains. The northern boundary of Yamuna Nagar is an interstate boundary with Himachal Pradesh. In Yamuna Nagar`s western boundry,there is Ambala district, and its west is Kurukshetra district. Karnal district is in the south of Yamuna Nagar.
The district has a sub-tropical continental monsoon climate. It has a seasonal rhythm, as hot summer, cool winter, unreliable rainfall with great variation of temperature. In winter, frost sometime occurs during December and January. The district also gets occasional winter rainfalls from cyclones. The rainfall is mostly restricted to rainy season. The important streams of the district are Yamuna, Sarasvati, Chautang, Rakshi, Somb, and Boli. Generally the slops of the district is from north east to south east, in which direction most of rivers/ rain fed torrents flow down.
The soils in this district are mostly silty loam ( Khaddar), loam (Bhanger and Nardrak), and light loam (Seoti). The soils are classified by the national bureau of soil survey and land use planning, Nagpur. The district has mainly udalfs, aquents-fluvents and ochrepts-orthents type of soils.
The under ground water in the district is fresh and suitable for domestic and irrigation purpose. The district has favorable climate for the growth of the rich vegetation due to reasonably good rainfall and elevation.
Economy
Due to presence of plenty of waters and good fertile soil Yamuna Nagar`s main corps are Sugarcane, Rice, Wheat and Garlic etc. Agri-forestry is one of the main incomes of Yamuna Nagar farmers. In which they grow Poplar and Eucalyptus besides conventional farming. Farmers of Yamuna Nagar are considered among best farmers of India. Besides farming the main industries are Paper, Stainless steel utensil making, Plywood board, Sugar, Industrial boilers, Stone crushers. The city has a large paper factory of Ballarpur Industries limited owned by Thapar Group of India. Previously Britishers owned it.
It has one of the largest sugar mills in Asia with a capacity of 13000 TPD (Tonnes Per Day) cane crushing capacity and one of the biggest Railway workshop in North India. The district has a huge Thermal Electricity Plant between the town and the Yamuna river.
Government and Politics
The Deputy Commissioner, an officer belonging to the Indian Administrative Service, is the over all in charge of the General Administration in the district. He is assisted by number of officres belonging to Haryana Civil service and other Haryana State services.
The Superintendent of police, an officer belonging to the Indian Police Service, is responsible for the maintaining law and order and related issues in the district.
The Deputy Conservator of Forests, an officer belonging to the Indian Forest Service, is the responsible for the management of forests, environment and wild life of the district.
Sectoral development is looking after by the district head of each development department as, PWD, Health, Education, Agriculture, and Animal Husbandry etc.